2014年9月公共英语三级考试真题及答案解析
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【摘要】　　全国英语等级考试 【后附答案】　　第三级　　PUBLIC ENGLISH TEST SYSTEM (PETS)　　LEVEL3　　2014年9月笔试真卷　　SECTION I Listening Comprehension (略)　　SECTION Ⅱ Use of English　

　　第三级

　　PUBLIC ENGLISH TEST SYSTEM (PETS)

　　LEVEL3

　　2014年9月笔试真卷

　　SECTION I Listening Comprehension (略)

　　SECTION Ⅱ Use of English

　　( 15 minutes)

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C, or D on your ANSWER SHEET.

　　Folk toys are those whose designs have passed down through the generations, made by hand and not in factories. 26 manufactured toys, they are not protected by copyrights or patents, 27 have they been standardized by machine production. Early folk toys were made of natural materials 28 wood, cloth, metal, earth, and 29 found materials. Wood was often used 30 it was available, easily worked, and required no painting. Toys were considered unimportant, so 31 was written about them. A parent made toys for a child, or children themselves made toys. The toys often were 32 made and used action movements. Traditionally, fathers and boys have been most interested in 33 toys, while mothers and girls have 34 dolls and needlework.

　　Folk toys include action toys, models, games, puzzles, and dolls. This basic 35 can be enlarged to include skill toys, balance toys, flying toys, shooting toys, _ 36 incorporating music or noise, and animated toys. The 37 name is lost in history, and the descriptive names given to the toys 38 . Typical names include Bullroarer, Jacob' s Ladder, and Limber Jack.

　　Early settlers of the Appalachian region mostly came from Germany, England, Scotland, andIreland, 39 knowledge of folk toys from their home countries. The designs often were

　　40 in the process of handing them 41 , so now there are many variations.

　　The making of homemade toys decreased in 42 of prosperity, when people could 43 manufactured toys. Recently there is a new 44 for the mountain folk toy heritage, 45 And handcrafted toys are sometimes bought in preference to manufactured toys.

　　26. [ A ] Without [ B ] Unlike [ C ] Despite [ D ] Besides

　　27. [A] so [B] or [C] nor [D] as

　　28. [ A ] including [ B ] given [ C ] among [ D ] within

　　29. [ A ] another [ B ] other [ C ] such [ D ] some

　　30. [ A ] until [ B ] while [ C ] lest [ D ] because

　　31. [A] few [B] something [C] little [D] all

　　32. [ A ] cleverly [ B ] massively [ C ] uniformly [ D ] publicly

　　33. [ A ] action [ B ] cloth [ C ] manufactured [ D ] patented

　　34. [ A ] provided [ B ] found [ C ] created [ D ] favored

　　35. [A] list [B] role [C] feature [D] goal

　　36. [ A ] that [ B ] these [ C ] those [ D ] which

　　37. [A] advocator's [B] creator's [C] owner's [D] seller's

　　38. [ A ] change [ B ] switch [ C ] shift [ D ] vary

　　39. [ A ] holding [ B ] taking [ C ] carrying [ D ] bringing

　　40. [ A ] discarded [ B ] modified [ C ] reduced [ D ] minimized

　　41. [A] around [B] over [C] down [D] out

　　42. [ A ] place [ B ] hopes [ C ] favor [ D ] times

　　43. [ A ] copy [ B ] claim [ C ] buy [ D ] carry

　　44. [ A ] appreciation [ B ] suggestion [ C ] explanation [ D ] identity

　　45. [ A ] anyway [ B ] however [ C ] instead [ D ] too

　　SECTION Ⅲ Reading Comprehension

　　(40 minutes)

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

　　Text 1

　　Today there are three different kinds of New Yorkers: the people who act as if they were born here; the people who are here and wish to be elsewhere; and the collection of virtual New Yorkers all over the world, who wish they were living in New York. These are the three states of mind and what they have in common are longing and illusion. In fact, it' s a city of dreamers.

　　What makes New York special? New Yorkers are convinced of its specialness--but Toronto is more diverse, London is larger, Washington is more powerful. So why does New York think it' s the capital of the world?

　　People often explain the problems in European cities by citing inequality. But New York today is one of the most unequal cities in America. In 2010, 1 percent of New Yorkers earned 45 percent of its income. That works out to an average of $ 3.7 million a year for the city' s top 34,500households. The average daily income of this group is greater than the average annual income of the city's bottom 10 percent.

　　So why would people still come to try their luck in this tough place? Is it opportunity or illusion that draws them?

　　They come because any newcomer can find a place in the hierarchy of New York. If you look at a New York City restaurant, for example, the cook might be French, the people washing dishes might be Mexican, the hostess might be Russian, the owner might be British. They are not all equal. They earn different rates. But they work together to get food to hungry people.

　　What New York demonstrates is this: immigration works. The city can use its immigrants, even the illegal ones. Though they broke the law by illegally crossing the borders, the city' s economy would be a shell of itself had they not, and it would collapse if they were deported. Attracted here by the founding myth of the city, each immigrant is seeking to escape from history, personal and political. For him, New York is the city of the second chance.

　　46. The writer mentions the three kinds of New Yorkers to stress that_______.

　　[ A ] they share the same longing [ B ] they are in pursuit of dreams

　　[ C ] they are proud of their birthplace [ D ] they wish to live in another place

　　47. In the eyes of New Yorkers, their city is______

　　[ A ] powerful

　　[ B ] diverse

　　[ C ] special

　　[ D ] large

　　48. The figures in paragraph 3 are given to show that New York_________

　　[ A ] favors the lucky [ B ] favors the locals

　　[ C ] is a city of inequality [ D ] is a city of opportunities

　　49. People keep coming to New York because they can find jobs that_______

　　[ A ] challenge them [ B ] suit them well[ C ] pay them well [ D ] raise their status

　　50. It is implied in the text that New York is_________

　　[ A ] a tolerant city [ B ] a wealthy city

　　[ C ] a mythical city [ D ] a historical city

　　Text 2

　　We' ve read how babies stare longer and cry less when held by pretty people, and heard tales of handsome children doing better in school, given special attention by their teachers. In life, as in love, beautiful people seem to have it awfully easy. But what if we told you that when it comes to online dating, good looks could actually hurt you?

　　According to a recent survey of 43,000 users by OK Cupid, an online dating site, the more men disagree about a woman' s looks, the more they end up liking her. What does that mean for ladies looking for a match? " We now have mathematical evidence that minimizing your 'weaknesses' is the opposite of what you should do," says the site's co-founder, ChristianRudder. "If you' re a little fat, play it up. If you have a big nose, play it up. Statistically, the guys who don't like it can only help you, and the ones who do like it will be all the more excited. "

　　The results of this study end up highlighting an idea that recent scientific research does indeed support. Which is this: the beautiful may have it good, but online, as in work and life, women who are too attractive don't always have an advantage.

　　Beauty creates more competition--among women, taught they must out-look each other for men and jobs and everyday satisfaction; and among men, who are competing for the most attractive prize. All of which might help explain why 47 percent of corporate recruiters believe it' s possible for a woman to suffer for being "too good-looking" ; why attractive women tend to face heightened examination from their female peers; or, finally, why men on OK Cupid end up contacting women who may ultimately be less attractive--because it removes the opposition. "If you suspect other men are uninterested, it means less competition," explains Rudder. "You might start thinking: maybe she' s lonely.., maybe she' s just waiting to find a guy who appreciates her.., at least I won't get lost in the crowd. "

　　In the end, being beautiful will always have its blessings--but sometimes, there' s more to an advantage than meets the eye.

　　51. It is generally believed that beautiful people

　　[ A] have less difficulty in life [ B ] are less worried about love

　　[ C ] pay less attention to others [ D ] like to gaze at lovely babies

　　52. The OK Cupid survey found that men' s arguments over a woman' s looks_____

　　[A ] have little meaning [ B ] benefit online dating

　　[ C ] will actually hurt her [ D ] add to her popularity

　　53. Christian Rudder advises women to_______

　　[ A] play up their physical advantages [ B ] view their popularity scientifically

　　[ C ] highlight their physical weaknesses [ D ] accept guys who are willing to help

　　54. The attitude of women toward their attractive peers is______

　　[ A ] critical [ B ] friendly

　　[ C ] conservative [ D ] straightforward

　　55. The main idea of the text is that a woman' s good looks_______

　　[ A ] help to shape ideas of beauty [ B ] can put her at a disadvantage

　　[ C ] end up with blessings for her [ D ] will always appeal to the eye

　　Text 3

　　Camps have always reflected children's dreams and parents' fears. In the 1880s, many middle-class families worried that industrial society had broken off some tie to the frontier. Boys were growing soft: too much time with their mothers and teachers, not enough manly activity. So the early camps promised to take weakly boys out into camp life in the woods so that the pursuit of health could be combined with the practical knowledge.

　　Those first campers were wilderness tourists; today a wilderness is anyplace without band-width. Allowing cell phone contradicts the point of sleep away camp: if 19th century campers were meant to regain lost survival skills, 21st century campers need to work on their social skill. They are often missing some basic interactive instruments; fantastically digitally aware, they are less familiar with the ideas of sharing their space, their stuff or the attention of the adults around them. For kids who are allowed to text during dinner, who have their parents whenever they get in trouble or need a ride, a little self-government is probably long overdue.

　　Most camps require kids to leave their phones at home, which shows that the resistance often comes not from the kids but from parents. It's known that parents pack off their children with two cell phones, so they can hand over one and still be able to slip away and call. Parents question camp directors about why they can' t reach their kids by phone. Some services let camps post news and pictures to help the families feel as if they are with the kids at camp. But that just invites inquiry about why Johnny looks sad or how Jenny' s jeans got torn.

　　Even as they yield in varying degrees to the demands of parents, camps endeavor to tell us our kids need a break from our eager interest and exhausting expectations. Camps talk about building independence, argue that having kids learn to solve their own problems and turn to peers and counselors for support is a key part of the experience. The implications are clear. They' re lighting campfires, hiding and seeking, doing things that feel wonderfully improper if just because they involve getting dirtier than usual. Nothing to worry about, Mom.

　　56. The whole point of camp in the 19th century is to

　　[ A] acquire the lost survival skills [ B ] escape from industrial society

　　[ C ] enjoy beautiful natural scenery [ D ] explore the woods in the frontier

　　57. For campers today, wilderness is where_____

　　[ A ] they cannot use cell phones [ B ] they can realize their dreams

　　[ C ] they stay far away from home [ D ] they are trained to be stronger

　　58. According to the text, today' s kids are_______

　　[ A] aware of governing themselves [ B ] skilled in social communication

　　[ C ] good at using electronic devices [ D ] short of the attention from adults

　　59. After seeing the posted news and pictures of their kids at camp, parents would feel______

　　[ A ] curious

　　[ B ] pleasant

　　[ C ] relieved

　　[ D ] worded

　　60. As stated in the last paragraph, camps suggest parents______

　　[ A ] take back their kids' cell phones [ B ] leave their kids alone for a while

　　[ C ] let their kids have a rest from study [ D ] call their kids only when necessary

　　Part B

　　Directions:

　　Read the following texts in which five people wrote about being a vegetarian. For questions61-65, match the name of each person (61-65) to one of the statements (A-G) given below. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.

　　Laurie:

　　It is encouraging to see that, whether out of sympathy for animals or a concern for their own health or both, people are starting to realize that it does not pay to eat too far up on the food chain. Meat need not be what is for dinner. Factory farming is barbaric and cruel. Every person who reduces the use of animals in his life is performing a lifesaving act.

　　Jeff:

　　I am ready to be a vegetarian, but in our country, farmers, food producers, restaurants and supermarkets are not prepared to support me. We all know that it is much easier and less expensive to get a hamburger at McDonald' s or Chinese takeout or a roast chicken from the supermarket than it is

　　to take the time to shop for, assemble and cook a tasty, nutritious and fulfilling vegetarian meal.

　　Rod:

　　I've heard another term for vegetarians: beady-eyed vegetarians. They' 11 eat things with beady eyes ( fish, chicken) but not with big, sad eyes ( cows, lambs). A friend of mine explained it by saying he would eat only things he thought he could kill himself. He figures he can kill a fish but not a cow. That seems like a more honest and consistent rationale than some of the others I' ve heard.

　　Jerry:

　　As a moral vegetarian, I have found that there is great misunderstanding about vegetarian principles in our society. While some vegetarians keep off animals as a matter of health, we moral vegetarians don' t want other animals to live for us, nor do we want other animals to die for us, as they do for food, clothing and wasteful scientific research. All animals live for their own sake, not for mine.

　　Ellen:

　　Why do some people think that animals and human beings are the same? In my opinion, a human life is worth a lot more than an animal' s. I think that we must stop thinking of meat eaters as killers. Vegetarians also kill vegetable life. Is there any difference? Eat vegetables and meat; both help you to be healthy and allow you to have all the nutrients your bodies need.

　　Now match the name of each person (61 to65) to the appropriate statement.

　　Note: there are two extra statements.

　　61. Laurie [ A] All animals have the right to live for themselves.

　　62. Jeff [ B ] Some vegetarians in fact eat small-sized animals.

　　63. Rod [ C ] Vegetarians need to do more to save animals' lives.

　　64. Jerry [ D ] Some people have overstressed the rights of animals.

　　65. Ellen [ E ] Vegetarians should be consistent in their eating habits.

　　[ F] How can I become a vegetarian without a favorable environment?

　　[G] Eating less meat saves not only the life of animals but also that of your own.

　　SECTION Ⅳ Writing

　　( 40 minutes)

　　Directions:

　　You should write your responses to both Part A and Part B of this section on your ANSWER SHEET.

　　Part A

　　66. Your friend Paul is coming to visit you next month. In his last email, he asked you about the interesting places in your hometown. Write an email back to Paul, telling him about:

　　1 ) some interesting places you would recommend;

　　2) things necessary for the travel.

　　You should write approximately 100 words. Do not use your own name at the end of your email. Use "Wang Lin" instead.

　　Part B

　　67. Below is a picture illustrating a man frustrated by rude remarks on his posts online. Write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points:

　　1 ) the phenomenon and causes of online rudeness;

　　2) your comments on the problem.